by Agence France-Presse  February 20, 2023

法新社 2023年2月20日

 

Countries including the United States and China called Thursday for urgent action to regulate the development and growing use of artificial intelligence in warfare, warning that the technology “could have unintended consequences”.

包括美国和中国在内的国家周四呼吁采取紧急行动，规范人工智能在战争中的发展和日益增长的使用，并警告说，这项技术“可能会产生意想不到的后果”。

 

A two-day meet in The Hague involving more than 60 countries took the first steps towards establishing international rules on use of AI on the battlefield, aimed at establishing an agreement similar to those on chemical and nuclear weapons.

在海牙举行的有60多个国家参加的为期两天的会议，为建立在战场上使用人工智能的国际规则迈出了第一步，旨在建立一项类似于化学和核武器的协议。

 

“AI offers great opportunities and has extraordinary potential as an enabling technology, enabling us among other benefits to make powerful use of previously unimaginable quantities of data and improving decision-making,” the countries said in a joint call to action after the meeting.

参会国家在会后的联合行动呼吁中表示：“人工智能提供了巨大的机会，作为一种赋能技术具有非凡的潜力，使我们能够有效利用以前无法想象的大量数据，改善决策。”。

 

But they warned: “There are concerns worldwide around the use of AI in the military domain and about the potential unreliability of AI systems, the issue of human involvement, the lack of clarity with regards to liability and potential unintended consequences.”

但他们警告说：“全世界都在关注人工智能在军事领域的使用，以及人工智能系统的潜在不可靠性、人类参与的问题、责任和潜在意外后果方面的不确定性。”

 

The roughly 2,000 delegates, from governments, tech firms and civil society, also agreed to launch a global commission to give clarity on its uses of AI in warfare and set down certain guidelines.

来自政府、科技公司和民间社会的约2000名代表也同意成立一个全球委员会，明确其在战争中使用人工智能的问题，并制定了一些指导方针。

 

Militarily, AI is already used for reconnaissance and surveillance as well as analysis, and could eventually be used for autonomous choosing of targets — for example by “swarms” of drones sent into enemy territory.

在军事上，人工智能已经被用于侦察、监视和分析，最终可能被用于自主选择目标——例如，被派往敌方领土的“成群”无人机。

 

China was invited to the conference as a key player in tech and AI, Dutch officials said, but Russia was not because of its invasion of Ukraine almost a year ago.

荷兰官员说，中国作为技术和人工智能领域的关键角色被邀请参加这次会议，但俄罗斯因为它近一年前对乌克兰军事打击并没有参会。

 

“We’ve clearly established the urgent nature of this subject. We now need to take further steps,” Dutch Foreign Minister Wopke Hoekstra said at the conference’s end.

荷兰外交部长沃普克·霍克斯特拉在会议结束时表示：“我们已经明确确定了这一问题的紧迫性。我们现在需要采取进一步措施。”。

 

Although experts say a treaty regulating the use of AI in war may still be a long way off, attendees agreed that guidelines urgently needed to be established.

尽管专家表示，规范在战争中使用人工智能的条约可能还有很长的路要走，但与会者一致认为，迫切需要建立指导方针。

 

“In the end it’s always the human who needs to make the decision” on the battlefield, General Joerg Vollmer, a former senior NATO commander, told delegates.

前北约高级指挥官乔尔格·沃尔默将军对代表们说，在战场上，“最终总是需要人类做出决定的。”

 

“Whatever we’re talking about, AI can be helpful, can be supportive, but never let the human out of the responsibility they have to bear — never, ever hand it over to AI,” Vollmer said in a panel discussion.

沃尔默在一次小组讨论中说：“无论我们在谈论什么，人工智能都可以提供帮助，可以提供支持，但永远不会让人类摆脱他们必须承担的责任——永远不要，永远不要把它交给人工智能。”