by US Department of Defense  January 14, 2021

美国国防部2021年1月14日

 

A Ghost Fleet Overlord unmanned surface vessel, part of a partnership between the Defense Department’s Strategic Capabilities Office and the Navy, recently traveled a distance of more than 4,700 nautical miles, almost entirely autonomously. Afterward, it participated in exercise Dawn Blitz where it again spent nearly all of its underway time operating autonomously.

一艘“幽灵舰队霸王号”无人水面舰艇是美国国防部战略能力办公室与海军合作的一部分，最近它几乎完全自主航行了4700多海里。随后，它参加了“黎明闪电”（Dawn Blitz）演习，在演习中，它几乎所有的航行时间都在自主操作。

 

“This is a historic milestone for the program and the Navy. It represents what SCO does best: integrate mature technologies to accelerate service priorities and create new capabilities for our warfighters,” Jay Dryer, director of the SCO said.

“这是该计划和海军的历史性里程碑。 它代表了战略能力办公室（SCO）最擅长的领域：整合成熟的技术以加快服务优先级并为我们的战士创造新的能力，”战略能力办公室（SCO）主任杰伊·德勒说。

 

The Ghost Fleet Overlord program is part of an effort to accelerate the Navy’s push to incorporate autonomous vessels within its fleet to better expand the reach of manned vessels. Autonomy includes more than just straight-line passage through large areas of the ocean; it also involves such things as collision avoidance and following the rules of the sea.

“幽灵舰队霸王”计划是加速海军推动将自主舰纳入其舰队的努力的一部分，以更好地扩大人员驾驶舰的航程。自主不仅包括直线穿越大片海洋； 它还涉及诸如避免碰撞和遵守海洋规则之类的事情。

 

The Navy’s efforts to adopt the unmanned vessel concept involve several classes of ships and an array of missions, such as offensive operations and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance with reduced risk to crew and legacy vessels. The Ghost Fleet Overlord program has demonstrated continued maturity in the autonomous USV concept since it stood up in late 2018.

海军采用无人驾驶舰艇概念的努力涉及几类舰艇和一系列任务，如进攻行动和情报、监视和侦察，以降低船员和传统舰艇的风险。“幽灵舰队霸王”计划自2018年末成立以来，已经证明了自主无人水面舰艇（USV）概念的持续成熟。

 

The most recent display of that maturity involved a USV traveling from the Gulf Coast to the coast of California, moving autonomously approximately 97% of the time. While the USV did have a crew on board, remote mission command and control for the trip was done from a remote location by sailors with Surface Development Squadron One.

这种成熟度的最新表现涉及一艘无人水面舰艇（USV）从墨西哥湾沿岸行驶到加利福尼亚海岸，大约有97％的时间自主航行。 尽管无人水面舰艇（USV）确实有船员，但由第一水面发展中队的水手从远程位置进行了远程任务指挥和控制。

 

One of the few times the USV was guided by its onboard crew was when it traversed the Panama Canal.

无人水面舰艇（USV）由舰艇上船员引导的次数不多，其中一次是在穿越巴拿马运河时。

 

Optionally manned vessels provide a stepping stone to allow the Navy and its sailors to more easily become familiar with the concept of autonomous operations than what would be possible with a fully autonomous ship.

可选的有人驾驶的船只提供了一个垫脚石，让海军和它的水手更容易熟悉自主作战的概念，而不是完全自主的船只。

 

After arriving on the West Coast of the U.S., the Ghost Fleet Overlord USV participated in December’s Dawn Blitz exercise with the Navy and Marine Corps. There, it successfully demonstrated compliance with international regulations for preventing collisions at sea, station keeping, loiter and transit missions. It was the first time a Ghost Fleet Overlord USV interacted with actual assets in the Navy fleet.

抵达美国西海岸后，“幽灵舰队霸王”无人水面舰艇（USV）与海军和海军陆战队参加了12月的“黎明闪电”演习。在那里，它成功地证明了其遵守国际法规，以防止海上碰撞，停泊，徜徉和过境任务。这是“幽灵舰队霸王”无人水面舰艇（USV）首次与海军舰队中的实际资产互动。

 

During its participation in Dawn Blitz, the Ghost Fleet Overlord USV operated autonomously for more than 130 hours and traversed roughly 950 nautical miles — accounting for approximately 98% of its underway time.

在参加“黎明闪电”期间，“幽灵舰队霸王“无人水面舰艇（USV）自主运行了130多个小时，穿越了大约950海里，约占其航行时间的98％。

 

The Ghost Fleet Overlord program has been an accelerant to the Navy’s adoption of unmanned surface vessels, enabling it to more rapidly bring such vessels into the fleet.

”幽灵舰队霸王“计划一直促进美国海军采用无人水面舰艇，使其能够更快地将此类舰艇纳入舰队。

 

“Our close partnership with SCO on the Overlord program is accelerating the technology demonstration, CONOPs development and operational command and control of unmanned surface vessels in direct alignment with the Navy’s plans,” CAPT Pete Small, Navy Program Manager for USVs, said.

“我们与战略能力办公室（SCO）在霸王计划上的密切合作关系正在加速技术演示、无人机作战概念(CONOP)开发以及无人水面舰艇的作战指挥和控制，与海军的计划直接一致，”无人水面舰艇（USV）海军项目经理皮特·斯莫尔上尉说。

 

To help the Navy advance its goal to incorporate autonomous vessels within the fleet, the SCO’s Ghost Fleet Overlord program has taken commercial ocean-going vessels and integrated both commercially-available and government-provided equipment on board to create unmanned surface vessels. Phase II of the Ghost Fleet Overlord program, which focuses on the integration of government-furnished command-and-control systems and payloads and more complex and challenging naval operations experimentation, began in September. The SCO will transition its two Ghost Fleet Overlord prototypes to the Surface Development Squadron One by the end of fiscal year 2021. The Navy is currently acquiring two more Ghost Fleet Overlord prototypes to accompany the two SCO built to continue unmanned systems testing and fleet experimentation.

为了帮助美国海军推进其在舰队中纳入自主船只的目标，战略能力办公室（SCO）的“幽灵舰队霸王”计划已经采用了商业远洋船只，并整合了商用和政府提供的设备，以建造无人水面舰艇。幽灵舰队霸王计划的第二阶段于9月开始，重点是整合美国政府提供的指挥控制系统和有效载荷，以及更复杂、更具挑战性的美国海军作战实验。战略能力办公室（SCO）将在2021财政年度结束前将其两个幽灵舰队霸王原型移交到第一水面发展中队。目前，美国海军正在另外购买两艘幽灵舰队霸王原型，以配合战略能力办公室（SCO）建造的两艘继续无人系统测试和舰队实验。