| DARPA seeks enhanced low-light navigation performance for unmanned systems
简氏：DARPA为无人系统寻求增强的微光导航性能 Date:2020-04-08 Source:Jane's Defence Weekly By:Globalmil Viewed: |
06 April 2020
杰拉德·科万，贝尔法斯特-《简氏国际防务评论》
2020年4月6日
A new programme from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) aims to address a key weakness of autonomous and semi-autonomous land systems: the need for active illumination to navigate in low-light conditions.
美国国防高级研究计划局（DARPA）的一项新计划旨在解决自主和半自主陆地系统的一个关键弱点：需要主动照明才能在弱光条件下导航。
Unmanned systems rely on active illumination - anything that emits light or electromagnetic radiation, such as light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems - to navigate at night or underground.
无人系统依靠主动照明-发出光或电磁辐射的任何物体，例如激光探测和测距（LIDAR）系统-在夜间或地面下导航。
However, according to Joe Altepeter, programme manager in DARPA's Defense Sciences Office, this approach creates significant security concerns, as such emissions could be detected by potential adversaries.
但是，根据DARPA国防科学办公室项目经理Joe Altepeter的说法，这种方法带来了重大的安全隐患，因为潜在的对手可能会发现这种主动照明发出。
The Invisible Headlights programme aims to address this challenge by exploiting ambient thermal emissions, Altepeter explained, noting that "infrared light is emitted by everything in the world around us, whether animate or inanimate".
Altepeter解释说，隐形前照灯计划旨在通过利用环境热辐射来应对这一挑战，并指出“我们周围世界上的所有物体，无论有生命还是无生命，都发出红外光”。
The programme aims to discover what type of information can be captured from even an extremely small amount of thermal radiation, and develop passive sensors and algorithms that can build this information into 3D maps that unmanned systems could then exploit, rather than having to emit active illumination.
该计划旨在发现哪种类型的信息可以从极少量的热辐射中捕获，并开发无源传感器和算法，可以将这些信息构建到3D地图中，供无人系统使用，而不必发出主动照明 。
If the programme is successful, it could create benefits beyond the obvious security advantages, Altepeter told Jane's . He pointed out that if an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) or similar platform is effectively relying on a kind of light-based sonar to receive a very specific type of information if it employs LIDAR.
Altepeter告诉简氏，如果该计划成功，除了明显的安全优势外，还可以创造其他好处。他指出，如果无人地面车辆（UGV）或类似平台采用LIDAR（激光探测及测距系统，激光雷达），则实际上是依靠一种基于光声纳来接收非常特定类型的信息。
"The platform uses information on the distance from objects around it to build a kind of pixelated view of the world," said Altepeter.
Altepeter说：“该平台利用与周围物体的距离信息来构建一种像素化的世界观。”
However, the use of ambient thermal emissions would enable the systems to build much more complex pictures of their environment - images that would be in colour, as opposed to the black-and-white pictures the system can create using LIDAR and other forms of active illumination.
但是，使用环境热辐射将使系统能够构建更加复杂的环境图片-彩色图片，而不是系统可以使用LIDAR和其他形式的主动照明创建的黑白图片。
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