The Type 6605 and Type 6610 are licensed copies of the Soviet Project 254K/M (NATO reporting name: T-43 class) fleet minesweepers, which were originally introduced in the 1940s based on the German M-class minesweepers. It is the only seagoing minesweeper operated by the PLA Navy. A total of 38 hulls were built between 1955 and 1987, with 16 of them still operational today. No successor has been reported so far.

中国6605型和6610型是许可仿制的苏联254 K/M项目（北约代号：T-43级）舰队扫雷舰，最初在1940年苏联基于德国M-级扫雷舰发展。它是被PLA海军操作的唯一适于远航的扫雷舰。在1955年至1987年之间总共建造38艘，其中的16艘至今仍然在操作中。到目前为止没有后继型号。

Programme

Under the 1950 Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance, the Soviet Union would assist the newly founded People’s Republic of China (PRC) to build defence industry in order to modernise the PLA. As part of the agreement between Moscow and Beijing, the Soviet Union supplied the technology of its Project 254K seagoing minesweeper for a co-production in China. The co-production package included necessary technical documents, equipments and several vessels in kit form to be assembled in China. The Chinese designation for the vessel was Type 6605.

计划

在1950年的中苏友好同盟互助条约下，苏联协助新成立的中华人民共和国建立防卫工业用于现代化PLA。作为莫斯科和北京之间协议的一部分，苏联提供了它的254K项目技术用于在中国共同建造舰队扫雷舰。共同建造组件包括必需的技术文件、设备和一些舰体以成套形式到中国装配。中国命名为6605型。

Construction of the first hull of the Type 6605 using Soviet-supplied kit began in March 1955 at Wuchang Shipyard in the central Hubei Province. The vessel was launched in March 1956 and commissioned in December. By December 1957, a further three vessels were delivered to the PLA Navy.

1955年3月使用苏联提供的套件在湖北省中部的武昌开始建造第一艘6605型。在1956年3月下水并且在12月服役。在1957年12月之前，更多的三艘扫雷舰被交付给PLA海军。

In June 1956, Soviet Union supplied the PRC with the technical documents of its Project 254M seagoing minesweeper, and the vessel was to be built in China as Type 6610. The first hull (#01) began construction at Wuchang Shipyard in July 1956 and was launched in April 1958. The vessel was officially handed over to the PLA Navy on 13 September 1958. A further three hulls (#02, #03, and #04) were delivered by the end of 1958. Chinese engineers made 12 items of modifications on these vessels in order to allow them to operate in the hot subtropics waters in southern China.

在1956年6月，苏联提供给中国它的254M项目扫雷舰技术文件，在中国建造称为6610型。1956年7月第一艘（#01）开始在武昌造船厂建造并在1958年4月下水，在1958年9月13日正式地交付到PLA海军。另外的三艘（#02、#03和#04）在1958年底之前交付。中国工程师修改了原设计的12处为了使这些扫雷舰能够在中国南部炎热的亚热带水域操作。

In 1957, the PRC ordered a further four project 254M minesweepers to be built in the 201 Factory (now Huangpu Shipyard) and Guangzhou Shipyard in the southern city of Guangzhou. Hull #05 was later turned into an acoustic research ship, while the other three hulls (#06, #07, #08) were all delivered to the PLA Navy by 1963.

在1957年，中国另外订购了四艘254M扫雷舰在201工厂（现在黄浦造船厂）和广州南部广州造船厂建造。#05后来改装成海洋声学研究船，另外三艘（#06、#07和#08）在1963年全部交付给PLA海军。

The PRC ordered further Project 254M kits in 1958, but only received some of them as the production of the vessel in Soviet Union had already stopped. The fast deterioration of the Sino-Soviet relation and Moscow’s subsequent decision to cease its assistance to the Chinese communists and recall all of its advisers working in China has resulted in four Type 6610s remaining unfinished in Wuchang and Guangzhou Shipyard for nearly two years. The PRC managed to complete the hull #9 and #10 using indigenously built parts in late 1964, but further production was dropped due to the lack of kit supply from the Soviet Union.

中国在1958年进一步订购254M项目套件，但是由于苏联已经停止了该型号的建造只收到其中一些。后来中苏关系迅速恶化莫斯科决定对中国停止它的援助而且召回在中国工作的全部顾问，造成在武昌和广州造船厂中的四艘6610型未完工将近二年。在1964年中国采用国产部件设法完成#9和#10。但是进一步的建造由于缺乏苏联提供的套件而放弃。

In 1965, the PRC decided to fully indigenise the production of the Type 6610, and also made necessary modifications to the original Soviet design. The first two all Chinese-built Type 6610 minesweepers were commissioned between 1969~1970. However, the construction had been subsequently stopped as the vessel was regarded as obsolete and no longer meet the navy’s requirements.

在1965年，中国决定建造完全国产的6610型，对最初的苏联设计进行必要的修正。第一批二艘完全中国建造的6610型扫雷舰在1969~1970年之间服役。然而，后来该型被认为过时并且不再符合海军需求被停止建造。

In 1974, the Type 6610 production was re-opened to meet the PLA Navy's demands for more minesweepers. The newly built Type 6610s had a total of 818 modifications over the old design, including upgraded sonar and shafts. The vessel was certified for design finalisation in December 1981. Modifications on the vessel continued until the last hull was commissioned in 1987. A total of 38 hulls were built, including four Type 6605s, 33 Type 6610s, and an refitted acoustic research ship.

在1974年，6610型重新开始建造去满足PLA海军需要更多的扫雷舰的需求。新的6610型在旧设计上进行修改建造总数为818艘，包括升级了声纳和驱动轴。在1981年12月进行设计定型鉴定。最后一艘经修改的扫雷舰在1987年服役。建造总数38艘，包括四艘6605型，33艘6610型和被改装的海洋声学研究船。

Type 6610 fleet minesweeper hull 832 Changzhou (Chinese Internet)6610型舰队扫雷舰832“常州”号（中国英特网）

Design

The Type 6605 was a direct copy of the Soviet Project 254K base minesweeper, which was introduced in the late 1940s based on the German M-class minesweepers of the WWII-era. The vessel was designed to detect and remove mines for the rest of the fleet. The vessel is 58 metres in length and has a full displacement of 570 tonnes. The vessel has a crew of 77 men and its self-sustainability is 7 days. The vessel is powered by twp 1,100hp diesel, with two shafts, giving a maximum speed of 14 knots.

设计

6605型是直接仿造苏联254K基本型扫雷舰，1940年基于二战时期德国M-级扫雷舰发展。设计用于为舰队其余舰艇探测和排除水雷。舰的长度58米和满载排水量570吨。全体乘员77名，而且它的自持力是7天。采用两台1,100马力柴油发动机，双轴，最大航速14节。

The Type 6605 is equipped with two MKT-2 medium mechanical sweep gears, a BAT acoustic generator, and a TZM-52 magnetic generator. Additionally, the vessel is also armed with two dual-37mm AAA guns (one front, one rear), four dual-12.7mm machine guns, and two BMB-1 depth charge projectors (with 10 depth charges).

6605型装备二套MKT-2型中型机械扫雷具，一套BAT音响扫雷具和TZM-52电磁扫雷具。另外，也装备二座双-37毫米AAA炮（前后各一），四挺双-12.7毫米机枪和二具BMB-1深水炸弹投放器（连同10枚深水炸弹）。

The Type 6610 developed from Type 6605 has slight increased displacement and is one metre longer. With the introduction of new diesel and shafts, the vessel’s maximum speed is increased to 15 knots.

6610型从6605型发展增加排水量和增长1米。采用生产的新柴油发动机和驱动轴，最大航速增加到15节。

The Type 6610 is equipped with two MKT-1 large mechanical sweep gears, a BGAK acoustic generator, and an improved TZM-52M magnetic generator. The vessel is armed with two dual-37mm AAA gun (one front, one rear) , two dual-14.5mm anti-aircraft machine guns (in front of the bridge), and two dual-25mm AAA guns (mid-ship position). On some units, the dual-37mm AAA gun on the bow deck was replaced by a more powerful single-barrel 85mm gun. Additionally, the vessel has two Type 64 depth charge projectors (with 10 rounds).

6610型装备二套MKT-1大型机械扫雷具，BGAK音响扫雷具和一套改进的TZM-52M电磁扫雷具。装备二座双-37毫米AAA炮（前后各一），二挺双-14.5毫米防空机枪（在舰桥前面）和二座双-25毫米AAA炮（中间位置）。在一些扫雷舰上，在舰艏甲板上的双-37毫米AAA炮被一座更有威力的单管85毫米炮代替。另外，有二具64型深水炸弹投放器（连同10枚炸弹）。

As well as performing minesweeping missions, the Type 6610 could also be used for mine laying role, carrying a mine rail and 8~10 naval mines on its stern deck.

除了履行扫雷任务，6610型也可以用于水雷布设，在舰尾甲板上装有一具布雷导轨和8~10枚水雷。

Operations

Despite being an ageing design, the Type 6605 and Type 6610 were highly appreciated by the PLA Navy due to their excellent versatility. In addition to minesweeping missions, the vessels have been used for a wide range of roles, including mine laying, patrol, antisubmarine warfare, escort, and personnel/cargo transport. Although the vessels have never been deployed for minesweeping operations in real combat, both types of vessels have taken part in surface combats.

操作

尽管是一种过时设计，6605型和6610型由于优良的多用途被PLA海军高度赞赏。除了扫雷任务，已经用于广泛角色，包括排雷、巡逻、反潜战，护航和人员/货物运送。虽然从没有在实战中部署用于扫雷操作，两种型号已经经历部分水面战斗。

On 11 July 1964, a Type 6605 minesweeper and a Type 01 frigate intercepted a small transport Manqingsheng of the Taiwanese Navy. After firing few warning shots, the Type 6605 minesweeper opened fire at Manqingsheng and sank the ship, while the Type 01 frigate sank another transport ship of the Taiwanese Navy nearby.

在1964年7月11日，6605型“长辛店”、“沙家店”号扫雷舰和一艘01型“衡阳”号护卫舰拦截台湾海军的一艘“满庆升”号运输舰。在警告射击后6605型“沙家店”号扫雷舰对“满庆升”号射击并且击沉该船，01型“衡阳”号护卫舰击沉了台湾海军在附近的另外一艘“满庆盛”号运输船。

On 19 January 1974, two Type 6610 minesweepers (hull 389 and 396) together with two gunboats (hull 271 and 274) engaged with three frigates and a corvette of the South Vietnamese Navy near the Paracel Islands (Xisha Islands) in the South China Sea. The four vessels were then reinforced by two Type 037 (Hainan class) antisubmarine patrol crafts (hull 281 and 282). The battle resulted in one South Vietnamese corvette being sunk, and another heavily damaged. Type 6610 minesweeper hull 396 of the PLA Navy was also heavily damaged. After the battle, the PRC regained control over the Paracel Islands.

在1974年1月19日，两艘6610型扫雷舰（舷号389和396）连同二艘炮艇一起（舷号271和274）在西沙群岛附近同南越海军三艘护卫舰和一艘“怒涛”号护航舰交战。四艘舰艇随后被二艘037型（海南级）反潜巡逻艇增援（弦号281和282）。战争造成南越护航舰“怒涛”号沉没和另外一艘护卫舰重创。PLA海军6610型扫雷舰中的396号被重创。在战争之后，中国恢复了对西沙群岛的控制。

Shiplist

舰只目录

Specifications

Displacement: (full load) 570 tonnes (Type 6605); (standard) 570 tonnes (Type 6610)
Dimensions: Length: 58m (Type 6605) or 59m (Type 6610); Beam: 8.5m; Draft: 2.2m
Propulsion: 2X diesels, 2 shafts, 2,000bhp
Speed: Maximum 14 knots (Type 6605) or 15 knots (Type 6610); Minesweeping operation: 10 knots
Range: 3,800nm
Endurance: 7 days
Crew: 77

规格

排水量： （满载）570吨 （6605型）；（标准）570吨 （6610型）
尺寸： 长度： 58 米（6605型） 或 59 米（6610型）；宽度： 8.5 米；吃水线： 2.2 米
推进： 2 X 柴油， 2轴，2,000 马力
速度： 最大 14节（6605型） 或 15节（6610型）；扫雷操作： 10节
航程： 3,800 海里
续航： 7 天
组员： 77 名

Last update: 10 March 2008
最后更新： 2008年3月10日