The HongJian 8 (HJ-8) is the second-generation ATGM developed by China. The system bears some resemblance to the Russian 9K111 Fagot (NATO reporting name: AT-4 Spigot), but with improved performance. The HongJian 8 development began in 1970 and the weapon was certified for design finalisation in 1984. The missile entered service with the PLA in the late 1980s and has been deployed in three forms: man-portable, vehicle-mounted, and helicopter-mounted.

红箭-8（HJ-8）是中国发展的第二代反坦克导弹（ATGM）。系统部分相似俄国9K111型“巴松管”（fagot）（北约代号：AT-4“塞子”（Spigot）），但是具有改良性能。红箭-8发展在1970年开始，并且武器在1984年进行设计定型鉴定。导弹在1980年后期进入PLA服役并且以三种类型部署：单兵便携式、车载和直升飞机机载。

The HongJian 8 is designed primarily to engage tanks and armoured vehicles in all-weather conditions, day/night. It is a command to line of sight, semi-active homing, wire-guided missile launched from a tube launcher. The missile has a short, round body with a half-ball nose and foldable stabilising fins at missile’s tail. The missile has a maximum range of 3,000~4,000m. The early variants of the HongJian 8 can penetrate armours of 800mm thick, while the later variants (HongJian 8C/E) fitted with tandem warheads are claimed to be capable of penetrating armours of over 1,000mm.

红箭-8主要设计去同坦克和装甲车辆在全天候、昼/夜状况下交战。它是一种从发射管发射的瞄准线控制，半自动引导，有线制导导弹。导弹采用短、圆形弹体连同一个半球形前鼻和在导弹尾部有折叠稳定翼。导弹最大射程3,000~4,000米。早期型红箭-8能穿透800毫米厚装甲。较新改型（红箭-8C/E）配备有串联式弹头被宣称能够穿透超过1,000毫米装甲。

The HongJian 8 missile can be fired by infantrymen using a tripod, as well as from vehicles and helicopter. In the man-portable version, the missile launcher tube and fire-control sight mechanism are supported by a tripod. Although categorised as a portable weapon missile, the man-packed variant HongJian 8 has to be operated by two men and is actually too heavy to be carried by soldiers over a long distance.

红箭-8导弹能被步兵使用一个三脚支架发射，也能从车辆和直升飞机上发射。在单兵便携式型号，导弹发射管和火控瞄准机构被一个三脚支架支承。虽然分类当做一种便携式导弹武器，单兵便携型红箭-8必须被二名人员操作而且实际上太重而无法被军人远距离携带。

The HongJian 8 missile is also the main attack weapon of the Z-9G, Z-11, and SA 342L Gazelle attack helicopters. A Z-9W, Z-11, or SA 342L Gazelle armed variant helicopter gunship can carry four HongJian 8 missiles under the external pylons, while an improved Z-9WA can carry eight. The optical sight is housed inside a fire-control unit on helicopter roof and under-nose.

红箭-8导弹也是Z-9G、Z-11和SA 342L“瞪羚”武装直升飞机的主要攻击武器。一架Z-9W、Z-11或SA-342L“瞪羚”武装直升飞机能在外部挂架下携带四枚红箭-8导弹，但改进的Z-9WA能携带八枚。白光瞄准镜容纳在火控单元内安装在直升飞机顶部和机鼻下。

The man-portable version of the HongJian 8 missile system was exported to Pakistan and United Arab Emirates in the 1990s. It was also produced in Pakistan under license as the Baktar Shikan. Some HongJian 8 (or Baktar Shikan) missiles were handed over to the Bosnian Muslim forces against Serbia Army in the early 1990s. The combat results showed that the missile had no difficulty in penetrating the front armour of the Serbia’s M-84 main battle tank.

红箭-8导弹系统的单兵便携型在1990年向巴基斯坦和阿拉伯联合酋长国输出。它也被巴基斯坦在许可下生产称为“巴塔什肯”（Baktar Shikan）。一些红箭-8（或Baktar Shikan）导弹被转移给波斯尼亚穆斯林军队去反抗塞尔维亚军队。战斗结果显示导弹毫无困难地穿透塞尔维亚的M-84型主战坦克前装甲。

Variants

改型

HongJian 8A

The HongJian 8 is an improved variant with a more powerful warhead and a modified rocket motor.

红箭-8A

红箭-8是一种改进型采用更有力的弹头和一台改良火箭发动机。

HongJian 8C

This variant is fitted with an extended probe for piercing explosive reactive armour (ERA).

红箭-8C

这一种改型采用前端延伸探针穿透爆炸反应装甲（ERA）。

HongJian 8E

This is the updated variant finalised for production in the mid-1990. The missile body is slightly longer to accommodate a new warhead and a modified motor to extend its range to 4,000m. The newly designed digitised fire control has increased the estimated hit accuracy to over 90%. The missile launcher is also fitted with the PTI-32 thermal image sight to replace the original IR sight for night combat.

红箭-8E

这是最新改型在1990年中期生产定型。导弹的弹体稍加长去容纳一个新弹头和改进发动机增加它的射程到4,000米。崭新设计的数字化火控已经增加估算命中精度超过90%。导弹发射装置也配备有PTI-32热成像瞄准具去代替最初的IR瞄准具用于夜间作战。

HongJian 8L

The HongJian 8L is the latest upgraded variant with a lighter tripod launcher and greater armour piercing depth and all-weather combat ability. In response to the user feedback that the weapon’s tripod is too heavy for man-portable, the HongJian 8L has a re-designed tripod which is lighter, and minimises the operator’s exposure to enemy fire. The HongJian 8L’s launcher can also be used to fire all other variants of the HongJian 8 missile. The "smart launcher" system is capable of automatically identifying the missile version and choose the correct firing/guidance mode. This variant is for export only , but did not enter production due to lack of buyer.

红箭-8L

红箭-8L是最新升级型采用一个较轻的三脚支架发射装置并具有更好的穿甲和全天候战斗能力。在使用者反馈用于单兵便携式的三脚支架太重之后，红箭-8L重新设计较轻的三脚支架，并减少操作员在敌方火力的暴露机会。红箭-8L发射装置也能用来发射所有其它型号的红箭-8导弹。“智能发射装置”系统能够自动识别导弹型号并选择正确的发射/制导模式。这一种改型只用于外销，但由于缺少客户没有进入制造。

Specifications

Range (Min): 100m
Range (Max): 3,000m (HJ-8/A/C) or 4,000m (HJ-8E/L)
Hit Probability: 90%
Depth of Penetration (static): 800~1,000mm
Depth of Penetration (dynamic, at 68 degree): 180mm (HJ-8/A); 180mm + ERA (HJ-8C/E); 220mm + ERA (HJ-8L)
Rate of Fire: 2~3rds per minute
Mean Flying Speed: 220m/s
Encased Missile Length: 1,566mm
Encased Missile Diameter: 155mm
Encased Missile Weight: 25kg
Missile Length: 875mm
Missile Diameter: 120mm
Missile Winspan: 320mm
Main Missile Weight: 11.2kg
IR Goniometer Dimensions (length X width X height): 480mm x 150mm x 280mm
Guidance Unit Dimensions (length X width X height): 665mm x 368mm x 350mm
Wide IR Field of View: ±49m
Narrow IR Field of View: ±7m
Field of View of Sight: 6°
Magnification of Sight: x12
Field of Fire: Elevation -7° ~ +13°; Traverse 360°
Environmental Condition for Firing: Temperature -40°C ~ +50°C, all weather

规格

射程（最小）： 100 米
射程（最大）： 3,000 米（HJ-8/A/C） 或 4,000 米（HJ-8E/L）
命中概率： 90%
穿甲深度（静止）： 800~1,000 毫米
穿甲深度（动态，以68度）： 180 毫米（HJ-8/A）；180 毫米+ ERA（HJ-8C/E）；220 毫米+ ERA（HJ-8L）
发射速率： 每分钟2~3发
平均飞行速度： 220 米/秒
装箱导弹长度： 1,566 毫米
装箱导弹直径： 155 毫米
装箱导弹重量： 25 公斤
导弹长度： 875 毫米
导弹直径： 120 毫米
导弹翼展： 320 毫米
导弹主体重量： 11.2 公斤
IR测角器尺寸（长度 X 宽度 X 高度）： 480 毫米 x 150 毫米 x 280 毫米
制导单元尺寸（长度 X 宽度 X 高度）： 665 毫米 x 368 毫米 x 350 毫米
宽IR视场： ± 49 米
窄IR视场： ± 7 米
瞄准具视场： 6°
瞄准具放大： x12
射界： 仰角 -7°~+13°；水平 360°
发射环境条件： 温度 -40°C~+50°C，全天候

Last update: 30 April 2007
最后更新：2007年4月30日