China’s effort to develop a wire-guided anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) can be traced back to the late 1950s, but little progress was made until the PLA obtained some examples of the Soviet 9M14M (NATO reporting name: AT-3 Sagger) in 1971. Reverse-engineering of the 9M14M began in 1973. The original Soviet-designed guidance was replaced by a Chinese indigenous design, which has increased the single hit probability of the missile to over 70%. The Chinese version of the AT-3, designated HongJian 73, entered service with the PLA in 1979.

中国去发展一种线导反坦克导弹（ATGM）的努力能回溯到1950年后期，但直到PLA在1971年获得苏联9M14M型（北约代号：AT-3 “耐火箱”（Sagger））少量样品才获得一点进步。在1973年开始对9M14M型反向-工程。最初苏联设计的制导系统被中国本国设计代替，增加导弹单发命中概率到超过70%。中国版本的AT-3被指定为红箭-73，在1979年进入PLA服役。

The HongJian 73 is s small, versatile missile system that can be fired from man-pack launchers or on vehicles. The man-portable version is normally found in the anti-tank element of the artillery units organic to infantry divisions and regiments. The basic combat unit of the HongJian 73 is an anti-rank missile platoon, which has two man-packed missile firing teams (two missiles each). In each three-man team, the gunner carries a suitcase containing the control box, and two assistant gunners each carry one missile in a suitcase.

红箭-73是小型、多用途导弹系统能从单兵便携式发射装置或车辆上发射。单兵便携式被看到通常在步兵师和团内的炮兵部队中的反坦克组成要素。红箭-73的基本作战单位是一个反坦克导弹排，拥有二个单兵便携式导弹发射组（每组二枚导弹）。每个组有三名人员，炮手携带一个手提箱包含控制盒和二名炮手助理各自在一个手提箱内携带一枚导弹。

The vehicle-mounted version of the HongJian 73 is carried by Type 85 and Type 86 IFV, ZBD2000 amphibious IFV, and ZLC2000 airborne IFV. A dedicated HongJian 73 ATGM carrier WZ504 with four launchers mounted on a weapon station with guidance system was developed for the export market, but it did not enter production due to lack of buyer.

车载红箭-73型由85式和86式步兵战车（IFV）、ZBD2000水陆两栖IFV和ZLC2000空降IFV上携带。一种WZ504式专用红箭-73型ATGM车辆在武器站上带有四具发射装置和制导系统被发展用于外销市场，但是由于缺少用户没有投入生产。

The HongJian 73 ATGM is generally regarded as obsolete using today’s standard. However, through steadily upgrading the missile with new technologies, the weapon system provides a low-cost, yet effective means for engaging and destroying ‘soft’ targets such as lightly/non-armoured vehicles, bunkers, and fortifications. Its lightweight comparing to the HJ-8 and HJ-9 system makes it particularly suitable for the light infantry and airborne troops. Meanwhile there is a large number of the missile still in the operational service with the PLA.

红箭-73型反坦克弹道（ATGM）用现在的标准通常被视为是过时的。然而，经过采用新技术平稳升级导弹，武器系统提供一个廉价，仍然有效的手段用于对付和摧毁‘软’目标例如轻型/非装甲车辆、燃料库和防御工事。它与HJ-8型和HJ-9型系统相比是轻量型因而特别适用于轻步兵和空降部队。同时有很多导弹仍然在PLA操作服役。

Although the missile leaves the launcher armed and can detonate and kill at very short range, The HongJian 73 can be captured by the gunner only at ranges of 500~800m. Under combat conditions, however, most gunners probably will be able to engage targets successfully only between 1,000~3,000m. The missile has a very long flight time to the target (12.5 seconds to 1,500m; 25 seconds to 3,000m), and evasive action is effective against it, especially at long ranges. Although a HongJian 73 launching gives off a cloud of grey smoke and a loud roar, this signature is difficult to detect on the battlefield. The wire-guided missile is invulnerable to electronic countermeasures and has a very small percentage of malfunctions.

虽然导弹离开发射者而且能在非常短射程内引爆和杀伤，但是红箭-73能被炮手仅仅在500~800米的距离内去打击目标。在战斗情况之下，不过大多数的炮手将有能力在仅仅1,000~3,000米之间成功地交战目标。导弹对目标有非常长的飞行时间（对1,500米12.5 秒；对3,000米25秒），那么规避行动可以有效的对抗它，尤其在长距离。虽然红箭-73发射产生一大堆灰色烟尘和一个巨大声响，但这一个特征在战场上很难发现。线导的导弹不会受到电子干扰和非常小的故障百分比。

One missile can be set up, checked out, and fired within five minutes (12 to 15 minutes for all four missiles). Using a tour-position selector switch on the control box, each gunner can fire up to four missiles consecutively. Both gunners can remotely fire missiles from positions up to 15m from the launchers. For targets at less than 1,000m, the missile can be guided by eye; for longer ranges, the 8X magnifying periscope sight must be used.

一枚导弹能在五分钟内准备、检查和发射（用于所有的四枚导弹12到15分钟）。使用在控制盒子上的一个循环-位置选择开关，每个炮手能连续地发射四枚导弹。炮手能距导弹发射装置的位置多达15米的地方遥控发射导弹。对于不超过1,000米的目标，导弹能采用目视制导；用于较远距离，必须使用8X放大潜望镜瞄准具。

HongJian 73

Basic variant which is virtually a copy of the Russian 9M14M Malutka (AT-3 Sagger) with a Chinese indigenous guidance.

红箭-73型

基本型实际上是采用中国本国制导系统的俄国9M14M Malutka（AT-3 Sagger）仿制型。

HongJian 73B

The HongJian 73B is fitted with semi-automatic command line of sight (SACLOS) guidance originally developed for the HJ-8. The guidance panel can be located up to 15m from the launcher, and can control up to four launchers. If a target is less than 1,000m from launcher, the operator can joystick the missile to target without using optics. Because the module is small and can be shifted, elevation and field of view are operationally unlimited. Improved versions can be used on older launchers, but in the MCLOS mode.

红箭-73B型

红箭-73B型采用最初为HJ-8型配备的瞄准线半自动控制（SACLOS）制导。制导控制板能位于距发射装置15米远，并能控制多达四套发射装置。如果一个目标距发射者不超过1,000米远，操作员能不使用光学瞄准具操纵导弹到目标。因为导弹单元体积较小而且可能被转移，仰角和视场的操作是无限制的。改进型能在旧发射装置上使用，但是在瞄准线简单指向控制（MCLOS）模式中。

HongJian 73C

The HongJian 73C has totally given up the manual stick control mode. Aiming at the target through X12 sight of TV goniometry, the firer presses the firing trigger and keeps the cross hairs of the sight on the target. The rest is done by the system itself, which automatically guides the missile to fly along the line of sight until it hits the target and an enhanced warhead enables its destruction. The missile also has an extended probe on its head to increase the armour penetration capability against the explosive reactive armour (ERA)

红箭-73C型

红箭-73C型已经完全地放弃手柄控制模式。通过电视角度测定法的X12瞄准具对准目标，发射者按发射板机和保持瞄准具的交叉瞄准线在目标上。其余被系统本身进行，自动制导导弹沿视线飞行直到它击中目标而且一个增强弹头能够提供摧毁能力。导弹在它的顶部有一个伸出的探针去增加对抗爆炸反应装甲（ERA）的穿甲能力。

Specifications

Missile Length: 868mm
Missile Calibre: 120mm
Launch Weight: 11.3kg
Max Range: 3,000m
Min Range: 500m
Flight Speed: 120m/s
Armour Penetration: >500mm
Rate of Fire: 2 rounds/minute
Combat Preparation Time: 1 min 40 sec
Launcher Weight: 32kg

规格

导弹长度： 868 毫米
导弹口径： 120 毫米
发射重量： 11.3 公斤
最大射程： 3,000 米
最小射程： 500 米
飞行速度： 120 米/秒
穿甲： >500 毫米
发射速率： 2 发/分钟
战斗准备时间： 1 分钟40 秒
发射装置重量： 32 公斤

Last update: 30 April 2007
最后更新： 2007年4月30日