The Chinese Back Door

中国后门:对伊朗走私武器

Date:2010-04-11 Source:strategypage By:globalmil Viewed:


Thus major weapons acquired in the 1970s are falling apart for want of sufficient replacement parts.因此在1970年获得的主要武器正在因为缺少足够的替换零部件破损。

April 10, 2010: Iran is increasingly using Chinese firms to facilitate weapons related smuggling efforts. This is not necessarily with the cooperation of the Chinese government. But there is apparently little risk of getting arrested in China for buying some weapons related items from a European or American firm, and passing it out the back door to Iranian smugglers. Chinese exporters are particularly enthusiastic about selling Iran dual (civilian and military) use items. These can be exported more openly, and later claiming that the Iranians had promised not to use the stuff for military purposes.

2010年4月10日:伊朗正在逐渐地利用中国公司以方便武器走私相关努力。这不一定与中国政府有关。但是那里从欧洲或美国公司购买一些武器相关产品显然被拘捕的风险很小,并且通过伊朗走私者的后门转运出。中国出口商特别热衷向伊朗销售双重(民用和军用)使用产品。这些能更公开出口,并稍后宣称伊朗已经承诺不去使用材料用于军事目的。

Many Western nations have become more aggressive in curbing this sort of thing. Australia recently stopped a shipment of pumps that, it turned out, were capable of being used in nuclear power plants (as well as for more benign uses). Iran has been quite blatant about buying dual use equipment, and then openly using the stuff for military purposes. That bravado is backfiring. But there are several nations that are willing to look the other way at this sort of smuggling (while diverting to Iran, items purchased for use in some other country). Malaysia has become a hotbed for all sorts of smuggling schemes. That works until the international pressure (often via threats to limit access to the banking system, and technology in general) triggers a crackdown on the smugglers. China has successfully stonewalled complaints about all sorts of illegal behavior (especially related to technology theft and Internet based espionage.)

许多西方国家已经更加积极制止这类事情。澳大利亚最近停止了一次水泵航运,原来是因为能够被用于核能发电厂(也用于更有利的用途)。伊朗一直十分公然地购买双重用途设备,然后公开地用于军事目的使用。那种冒险产生事与愿违的后果。但是一些国家愿意避而不视例如对走私(表面上产品购买用于在其他的国家使用,其实向伊朗转运)。马来西亚已经成为各种各样走私计划的一个温床。那个活动直到国际压力(大体上经常通过威胁限制通过银行业系统和在技术上)引发对走私者的打击。中国已经成功地百般阻挠对各种违法行为的投诉(尤其涉及技术窃盗和基于英特网的间谍行为)。

Ever since the U.S. embargo was imposed in 1979 (after Iran broke diplomatic protocol by seizing the American embassy), Iran has sought, with some success, to offer big money to smugglers who can beat the embargo and get needed industrial and military equipment. This is a risky business, and American and European prisons are full of Iranians, and other nationals, who tried, and often failed, to procure forbidden goods. The smuggling operations are currently under more scrutiny, and attack, because of Iran's growing nuclear weapons program. But the Iranians simply offer more money, and more smugglers step up to keep the goodies coming.

由于美国在1979年实施禁运至今(在伊朗打破外交礼节从美国大使馆扣押外交官之后),伊朗已经寻求对策并取得一些成功,提供大笔金钱给能打破禁运和获得所需的工业和军事装备的走私者。这是危险的生意,并且美国和欧洲监狱塞满伊朗和其他国家人员,他们尝试过并且在大多数情况下是失败的,为了去获得被禁止的货物。因为伊朗成长中的核武器计划,走私行为目前处在更加细查和打击之下。但是伊朗简单地提供较多的钱和更多的走私者接替去继续货物的进入。

The U.S. has gotten more aggressive, and successful, at shutting down Iranian smuggling operations. Not just by bribing the smugglers themselves, but also by getting the cooperation of nations the smugglers operate out of. This has been so successful that most of these smugglers no longer feel safe working out of Arab Persian Gulf nations (especially the United Arab Emirates). As a result, more smugglers are operating out of Malaysia, and the U.S. is trying to shut down that activity. America also monitors the international banking network, seeking signs of smuggler activity, and leaning on the banks involved, to step back.

美国在关闭伊朗走私活动中已经变得更积极和成功。不仅仅贿赂走私者他们自己,也获得走私者活动来源国家的合作。这已经如此的成功以致于大部分走私者不再认为从阿拉伯波斯湾国家(尤其阿拉伯联合酋长国)可以安全地活动。因此,更多走私者正在从马来西亚活动,而且美国正在尝试完全关闭那些活动。后退一步,美国也监视国际银行网络,寻找走私者活动的迹像,而且对有关联的银行施压。

The smuggling effort has been a mixed success. The Iranian armed forces are poorly equipped, because new tanks, warplanes and ships could not be sneaked in. Thus major weapons acquired in the 1970s are falling apart for want of sufficient replacement parts.

走私的努力一直是成败参半。伊朗的武装力量缺乏装备,因为新的坦克,军用飞机和舰艇无法走私进来。因此在1970年获得的主要武器正在因为缺少足够的替换零部件破损。

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