The PLA Navy has 16 Type 051 (NATO codename: Luda class) missile destroyers built between 1970 and 1991. The ship’s primary role is anti-surface warfare, with limited anti-air and anti-submarine warfare capabilities. In the late 1990s, a major modernisation refit programme began to enhance the anti-surface and air-defence capabilities of the Type 051. The destroyers may be gradually phased out in the coming years as the PLA Navy receives more new surface combatants.
解放军海军拥有16艘051型（北约代号：旅大级）导弹驱逐舰，1970年至1991年之间建造。该舰主要用于反水面作战，具有有限的防空和反潜作战能力。在上世纪90年代后期，主要的现代化改装计划开始提高051型的反舰和防空能力。在未来几年中，由于解放军海军接受更多新的水面战舰，驱逐舰可能会逐渐被淘汰。

PROGRAMME
计划

Early development of the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) was centred on three main elements: land-based aviation forces, submarines, and small fast attack crafts. Large surface combatants such as destroyers were regarded by the Chinese military planners as unnecessary for China’s defence strategy and obsolete in “the age of nuclear”. Up until the mid-1970s the PLA only operated four second-hand WWII-era Soviet-built destroyers in its surface fleet.
解放军海军（PLAN）的早期发展主要集中在三个主要元素：陆上航空兵、潜艇和小型快速攻击艇。大型水面战斗舰，如驱逐舰等，被中国军事规划者们认为对中国国防战略是不必要的并且在“核时代”也是过时的。直到上世纪70年代中期在其水面舰队只操作四艘二手二战时期苏联建造的驱逐舰。

From the late 1960s, China began to prepare for its first full-range intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) test launch. A navy task force consisting of space tracking ships, maritime research ships, rescue ships, and replenishment ships were being built to fulfil the task of recovering the missile re-entry capsule in the Southern Pacific. However, none of the PLA Navy’s existing surface warship was able to escort the task force for such a long distance. A larger surface combatant with strong self-retain capability for long-range cruise was requested.
从20世纪60年代末，中国开始准备它的第一次全射程洲际弹道导弹（ICBM）试验发射。一个由空间跟踪船、海上研究船、救援船和补给船组成的海军特遣部队开始建立来完成在南太平洋导弹再入太空舱回收任务。然而，解放军海军现有水面舰艇没有能力为这一任务运距离护航。需要一种更大的水面舰艇具有较强的自持能力用于远程巡航。

The Type 051 missile destroyer is China’s first indigenous surface combatant capable of operating in deep oceans far away from the homeport. The ship was specifically equipped to receive supplies from replenishment ships in the sea. First of class 105 Jinan was launched in 1970 and commissioned in 1971. A total of 17 units were built in Dalian Shipyard (Dalian, Liaoning Province), Zhonghua Shipyard (Shanghai), and Guangzhou Shipyard (Guangzhou, Guangdong Province). Units built after 1977 have a slightly different superstructure and radar systems. The last unit 166 Zhuhai entered service in 1993.
051型导弹驱逐舰是中国第一个自主水面舰艇能够远离母港在深海作业。该船特别装备在海上从补给船上接收补给。第一艘105号“济南”在1970年下水和在1971年服役。在大连造船厂（大连，辽宁），中华造船厂（上海），和广州造船厂（广州，广东省）总共有17艘舰艇建成。从1977年后建成的舰艇，有一个稍微不同的上层建筑和雷达系统。在1993年最后舰艇166号“珠海”进入了服役。

163“南昌”号是在1970年建造的第一艘051型驱逐舰

The Type 051 destroyer was generally regarded as obsolete even when it was built. The ship has a relatively strong anti-surface firepower, but only possesses very basic air defence and anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities. The ship lacks sophisticated C3I systems commonly seen on modern warships, and has little, if any, chance in confronting modern warships in deep ocean. However, the Type 051 played an important role in the PLA Navy’s shift from a littoral defence force towards a ‘blue water’ navy, in that it provided valuable experience in building and operating a large surface combatant.
051型驱逐舰被普遍认为是过时的，即使它被建造时。这种舰艇有一个相对强大的反舰火力，但只具有最基本的防空和反潜战（ASW）能力。船上缺乏常见的现代化战舰先进的C3I系统，并且不大，如果有机会在深海中对抗现代化战舰。然而，051型在中国人民解放军海军从一个海岸防御部队向“蓝水”海军的转变中起了重要作用，在建造和操作一个大水面战舰上提供了宝贵的经验。

Since the late 1990s, the PLA Navy have been upgrading its Type 051 fleet with more advanced weapon suites. By 2004 most of these ships have been upgraded to the Type 051G standard. Modifications include the more capable YJ-83 anti-ship missile replacing the original HY-2 missile; the introduction of HQ-7 air-defence missile system and automatic twin-37mm anti-aircraft artillery (AAA) guns, and an indigenous combat data system to provide basic C3I capabilities. It is expected that these ships will remain in active duty until the late 2000s or early 2010s before they are retired.
自上世纪90年代末以来，解放军海军就已经升级了051型更先进的武器组件。2004年大部分舰只已经升级到051G标准型。修改包括更强大的YG-83反舰导弹取代原来的HY-2导弹；引进HQ-7防空导弹系统和自动双联-37mm高射炮（AAA），和本土作战数据系统提供基本的C3I能力。预计这些舰艇将继续服役直到2000年末或2010年年初之前它们就退役了。

DEPLOYMENT
详细情况

VARIANTS
改型

Type 051 (Luda-I): The basic variant, including Xi’an (106), Yinchuan (107), Xining (108), Kaifeng (109), Nanjing (131), Chongqing (133), Zunyi (134), Changsha (161), Nanning (162), Nanchang (163), and Guilin (164).
051型（Luda）：基本型，包括西安（106）、银川（107）、西宁（108）、开封（109），南京（131）、重庆（133）、遵义（134）、长沙（161）、南宁（162）、南昌（163）和桂林（164）。

Type 051 Command Variant (Luda): This variant has a slightly larger superstructure to accommodate an air defence C3I centre, as well as a ZJK-1 combat data system and Type 381A (NATO code-name: Rice Shield, similar to the Hughes SPS-39A) 3-D long-range air search radar. Used as fleet air defence command ship before the mid-1990s, these ships include Dalian (110) and Heifei (132).
051指挥改型（Luda）：这一种改型有一些轻微不同地更大的上部构造去容纳一个空中防御C3I中心、一套ZJK-1战斗数据系统和381 A型3-D远程对空搜索雷达（北约代号-名称：米筛，Rice Shield；类似美休斯公司SPS-39 A）。在1990年以前用作舰队空中防御指挥舰，这些舰艇包括大连号（110）和合肥号（132）。

Type 051 with helicopter hanger (Luda-II): First of class Jinan (105) was converted in 1987 be fitted with a flight deck and a hanger to accommodate two Harbin Z-9C helicopters. The ship had its aft twin-130mm main gun and dual-57mm AAA guns removed to give space for the hanger and flight deck. The ship is also said to be fitted with an ASW C3I centre.
具有直升飞机悬挂装置051型（Luda-II)）：该级第一艘济南号（105）在1987年配备一个飞行甲板和一个悬挂装置去容纳两架哈尔滨Z-9C直升机。该舰的舰尾双管-130mm主炮和双管-57mm AAA移除提供空间用于机库和飞行甲板。舰艇也据说装有反潜C3I中心。

105“济南”号是唯一的一艘有直升飞机悬挂装置和甲板051改型

Type 051G (Luda-III): This variant was originally developed as Type 051S to be fitted with British-made weapon systems. After the project was cancelled, the hulls were built under the Type 051 command variant standard. The first ship Zhanjiang (165) was fitted with new C3I and sensors, but with old weapon systems. The second ship Zhuhai (166) was fitted with upgraded weapon systems including 8 YJ-8 (C-801) anti-ship missiles and twin-37mm automatic AAA guns. Both ships have received the modernisation refit in 2004.
051G型（旅大-Ⅲ）：这种改型最初用于051S型去配备英国制造的武器系统。项目被取消后，舰体在051级指挥型标准下建造。第一艘湛江号（165）装上新的C3I系统和传感器，但采用陈旧的武器系统。珠海号（166）配备了升级的武器系统包括8单元YJ-8（C-801）反舰导弹和双管-37mm自动AAA炮。舰艇在2004年接受现代化改装。

Type 051 modernisation refit: The PLA Navy experimentally fitted the French-made Crotale air-defence missile system and the Castor-II fire-control radar on two Type 051 destroyers Xi’an (106) and Kaifeng (109) in 1991. In 1999 Kaifeng (109) received a mid-life modernisation refit with the original HY-2 six missiles replaced by 16 YJ-83 (C-803) anti-ship missiles. The original 37mm and 57mm manual AAA guns were also replaced by four automatic Type 76A AAA guns. A further two ships Dalian (110) and Zhanjiang (165) received similar refit between 2003 and 2005.
051型的现代化改装：在1991年中国人民解放军海军实验安装法国制造的“响尾蛇”防空导弹系统和Castor-II型火控雷达在两艘051型驱逐舰西安号（106）和开封号（109）上。在1999年开封号（109）接受中期寿命现代化改装原六联HY-2导弹被16单元YJ-83（C-803）反舰导弹取代。原来的37mm和57mm手动AAA炮也被四座自动76A型AAA炮取代。另外两舰大连号（110）和湛江号（165）在2003年和2005年之间接受类似的改装。

MISSILES
导弹

The ships that have received their mid-life modernisation are fitted with an 8-cell HQ-7 short-range air-defence missile launcher. The missile has a range of 13 km and uses semi-active radar/optical homing to deliver a 14kg fragmentation warhead at speed of 2.4 Mach. The system has 8 ready-to-fire and 16 spare missiles, which need to be reloaded manually.
已经接收了它们的中期寿命现代化舰艇装有8单元HQ-7近程防空导弹发射器。该导弹射程13公里，采用半主动雷达/光学制导去递送14kg2.4马赫速度的破片式战斗部。该系统有8枚准备发射和16枚备用导弹，这需要手工装填。

The original HY-1 anti-ship missile onboard the Type 051 are replaced by the more capable YJ-83 anti-ship missile following the refit. The missile system has sixteen box launchers (in four groups, each with 4 launchers). The missile uses active radar homing and is powered by a turbojet (with a solid rocket booster). The anti-ship missile has a range of 150~200km and approaches the target in sea skimming mode at a speed of Mach 1.5. The 165kg shaped charge warhead has time delayed impact proximity fuses.
原HY-1反舰导弹在051型上在继续改装中被更有能力的YJ-83反舰导弹所取代。导弹系统有十六个箱体式发射器（四组，每组4个发射器）。这种导弹采用主动雷达寻的，采用涡喷发动机（使用一台固体火箭助推器）。反舰导弹射程150~200公里，以1.5马赫的速度掠海模式接近目标。165千克成型装药战斗部装有延时碰撞近炸引信。

108“西宁”号发射HY-2反舰导弹

107“银川”号接受海洋补给船的补给

131“南京”号、DY615补给船和134“遵义”号在训练

GUNS
舰炮

The ship has two dual-130mm/58 calibre main guns (one front, one aft), which fire shells at a rate of 17 rounds/min to a range of 29km against surface targets. The shell weights 33.4kg. Some units are fitted with more capable twin-100mm main guns featuring a turret with strong radar cross-section reduction features.
舰艇上有两座双联-130mm / 58口径主炮（一前一后），对地面目标射速为17发/分钟射程29km。炮弹重量33.4kg。一些舰艇配备了更有能力双联-100mm主炮具有更强大的雷达横截面减少功能的炮塔。

双联130毫米/58倍口径主炮在发射

练习中的051型驱逐舰

ANTI-SUBMARINE SYSTEMS
反潜系统

All ships are fitted with two Type 75 (FQF-2500) twelve-barrel 240mm antisubmarine rocket launchers. Range is up to 1,200m. The rocket is armed with a 34kg warhead.
所有的舰艇都配有两具75型（FQF-2500）十二管240mm反潜火箭发射装置。射程是1200米。火箭装备34公斤弹头。

Some ships were fitted with two Alenia B515S triple 324mm torpedo launchers and the A244S anti-submarine torpedoes imported from Italy. The A244S carries a 45kg to engage underwater target at a speed of 45kt, and has a maximum range of 10km. After the modernisation refit programme these may have been replaced by the Chinese indigenous Yu-7 torpedo featuring a longer range and better performance.
一些舰艇配备了从意大利进口的两具阿莱尼亚B515S三管324毫米鱼雷发射装置和A244D反潜鱼雷。A244S携带45公斤弹药以45节速度对抗水下目标，并有一个10km最大射程。现代化改装后，这些可能已经被具有更远射程和更好性能的中国本国鱼雷取代。

The ship also carries 4 BMB projectors and 4 racks for depth charges. Alternatively the ship can carry 38 mines.
舰上还携带4座BMB发射装置和4座深水炸弹支架。或者，该舰艇可以携带38枚水雷。

RADAR
雷达

• Early warning: Type 517A Knife Rest; or Cross Slot 2D long-range air search (A-band); or Bean Sticks or Pea Sticks long-range 2D air search (E/F-band). Dalian (110), Hefei (132), and Zhanjiang (165) are also fitted with Rice Screen 3D (G-band).
• Air Search: Eye Shield (E-band) and Square Tie (I-band, only on some units).
• Fire Control: Wasp Head, or Type 343 (G/H-band), for HY-2/YJ-81 SSM and 130mm main guns.
• Navigation: Fin Curve or Racal Decca-1290 (J-band)
• IFF: High Pole
• 早期预警：517 A型 刀架（Knife Rest），或十字槽（Cross Slot）2D远程对空搜索，A-波段；或豆杆（Bean Sticks）或豌豆杆（Pea Sticks ）远程2D对空搜索，E/F-波段；米筛（Rice Screen）3D，G-波段（110，132和165仅仅的）
• 对空搜索:护眼罩（Eye Shield），E-波段；方领带（Square Tie），I-波段(仅仅在一些单位上)
• 火控：黄蜂头（Wasp Head）或343型，G/H-波段，用于HY-2 反舰导弹（SSM）和130毫米主舰炮
• 导航：Fin Curve或Racal Decca-1290（J-波段）
• 敌我识别（IFF）：高杆（High Pole）

SONAR
声纳

The Type 051 destroyer is fitted with an SJD-2 medium-frequency bow-mounted sonar for long-range search and an SJD-4 medium-frequency hull-mounted sonar for active search and attack.
051型驱逐舰配备SJD-2型中频舰艏安装远程搜索声纳和一个SJD-4中频舰体安装主动搜索和攻击声纳。

COMMAND, CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS & INTELLIGENCE (C3I)
指挥、控制、通信&情报（C3I）

The basic model of the Type 051 does not have an integrated command and control system. Radio and telephone are provided for intra-ship, inter-ship, and ship-to-land communications. Command variants and ships received modernisation refits are fitted with ZJK-1 or TAVITAC combat data system, satellite communications (SATCOM), and datalink.
051型的基本型没有一个综合的指挥和控制系统。无线电和电话是提供用于船内部、船相互之间和船到陆沟通。指挥改型被一般认为是标准的现代化改装配备有ZJK-1 或 TAVITAC战斗数据系统，卫星通信(SATCOM)和数据链。

ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURES (ECM)
电子的对策（ECM）

Some ships are fitted with chaff and decoy launchers. Active ECM system include the Jug Pair (RW-23-1) intercept intercept and jammer.
一些舰艇配备有箔条和诱骗器发射装置。主动电子干扰系统包括 Jug Pair(RW-23-1)窃听拦截和干扰发射机。

HELICOPTER
直升飞机

Jinan (115) is fitted with a helicopter hanger and flight deck to accommodate two Harbin Z-9C ASW/SAR helicopters. The flight deck has a landing assistance system to help the helicopter to land in bad weather conditions.
115“济南”（Jinan）号配备有一个直升飞机悬挂装置和飞行甲板容纳二架“哈尔滨”（Harbin）Z-9 C 反潜战/搜寻和救援（ASW/SAR）直升飞机。飞行甲板有一个降落协助系统帮助直升飞机在不良天气状态中降落。

PROPULSION
推进

The propulsion system of the Type 051 destroyer is steam turbines with 4 boilers and 2 turbines rated at 72,000hp (53MW), and 2 shafts, giving a max speed of 32 knots.
051型驱逐舰的推进系统是采用72,000 hp（53 MW）蒸汽涡轮机使用4台锅炉和2台轮机，双轴驱动螺旋桨，提供一个最大32节的速度。

SPECIFICATIONS
规格

Displacement: (standard) 3,250t; (full load) 3,670t
Dimensions: Length 132m; Beam 12.8m, Draft 4.6m 
Speed: 32 knots
Range: 2,970 miles at 18kt
Crew: 280 (up to 300 maximum, 45 officers)
排水量：（标准）3,250吨；（满载）3,670吨
尺寸：长度132米；舰宽12.8米，吃水深度4.6米
速度：32节
航程：以18节 2,970海里
人员：280名（最多达到300名，45名军官）

    补充资料：“旅大”级导弹驱逐舰（来源：央视国际）

　　主尺度：全长130米，宽13．7米，吃水4．6米。

　　满载排水量：3800吨 动力：主机为2台蒸汽轮机，总功率为60000马力，双桨，双舵。 续航力4000海里。

　　其改进型为旅大Ⅰ、旅大Ⅱ、旅大Ⅲ 旅大型

　　反舰武器： 反舰导弹：2座三联装HY-2（C201）舰舰导弹发射器，射程95公里。

　　舰炮：两座130毫米双联舰炮。

　　防空武器：37毫米双联人工操瞄高炮4座；25毫米双联高炮4座。

　　反潜武器： 反潜火箭：12联装FQF-2500火箭式深弹发射装置2座。 反潜深弹：BMB－2深弹发射装置4座，深弹投放架2座。

　　电子装备： 雷达： 对空搜索：眼罩354对空搜索雷达 对海搜索：细网对海/对低空搜索雷达。 远程警戒：网眼远程对空警戒雷达。 火控雷达：黄蜂头343火控雷达。用于130毫米炮。 方结352火控雷达，用于HY-2舰舰导弹。 导航雷达：海王星导航雷达。 敌我识别：高杆A敌我识别天线。 方头敌我识别器天线。

　　旅大Ⅰ型(132、165）： 反舰武器： 反舰导弹：2座三联装HY-2（C201）舰舰导弹发射器，射程95公里。 舰炮：两座130毫米双联舰炮。 防空武器：37毫米76甲双联自动高炮4座。 反潜武器： 反潜火箭：12联装FQF-2500火箭式深弹发射装置2座。 反潜深弹：BMB－2深弹发射装置4座，深弹投放架2座。 电子装备： 雷达： 对空搜索：米幕381甲相扫三坐标中远程搜索雷达。 眼罩354对空搜索雷达。 对海搜索：细网对海/对低空搜索雷达。 远程警戒：网眼远程对空警戒雷达。 火控雷达：黄蜂头343火控雷达。用于130毫米炮。 方结352火控雷达，用于HY-2舰舰导弹。 导航雷达：海王星导航雷达。 敌我识别：高杆A敌我识别天线。 方头敌我识别器天线 。

　　旅大Ⅱ型（105）： 反舰武器： 反舰导弹：2座三联装HY-2（C201）舰舰导弹发射器，射程95公里。 舰炮：1座130毫米双联舰炮。 防空武器：37毫米双联人工操瞄高炮3座；25毫米双联高炮4座。 反潜武器： 反潜火箭：12联装FQF-2500火箭式深弹发射装置2座。 电子装备： 雷达： 对空搜索：米幕381甲相扫三坐标中远程搜索雷达。 眼罩354对空搜索雷达 对海搜索：细网对海/对低空搜索雷达。 远程警戒：网眼远程对空警戒雷达。 火控雷达：黄蜂头343火控雷达。用于130毫米炮。 方结352火控雷达，用于HY-2舰舰导弹。 导航雷达：海王星导航雷达。 敌我识别：高杆A敌我识别天线。 方头敌我识别器天线 舰载直升机：两架Z-9A。

　　 旅大Ⅲ型（166） ：反舰武器： 反舰导弹：4座双联装C802舰舰导弹发射器，射程120公里。 舰炮：两座130毫米双联舰炮。 防空武器：4座76甲37毫米双联全自动高炮。 反潜武器： 反潜火箭：2具FQF2500，12管固定发射器。 反潜鱼雷：324毫米3联装鱼雷发射装置2座。 电子装备： 雷达： 对空搜索：米幕381甲相扫三坐标中远程搜索雷达。 对海搜索：347S（ESRI）对海/对低空搜索雷达。 远程警戒：刀架远程对空警戒雷达。 火控雷达：黄蜂头343火控雷达。用于130毫米炮。 两座谷灯EFR-1火控雷达，用于37炮。 导航雷达：1290导航雷达。 敌我识别：高杆A敌我识别天线。 电子干扰：两座15管箔条火箭发射器。 声纳：变深声纳。